Kazakhstan's CO2 emissions in the post-Kyoto Protocol era: Production- and consumption-based analysis

US Rejection of the Kyoto Protocol: the impact on compliance costs and CO2 emissions

Consumption-based accounting of CO2 emissions.

CO(2) emissions from the burning of fossil fuels are the primary cause of global warming. Much attention has been focused on the CO(2) directly emitted by each country, but relatively little attention has been paid to the amount of emissions associated with the consumption of goods and services in each country. Consumption-based accounting of CO(2) emissions differs from traditional, production...

Emissions Trading in the Kyoto Protocol : potential benefits and pitfalls

This paper sets out from a brief overview of the fate of market-based instruments in environmental policy in the past and proceeds to discuss the potential benefits and pitfalls of international carbon emission trading (IET), the most promising of the Kyoto mechanisms (IET, JI and CDM). The problems of trading ’hot air’, the supplementarity requirement in Article 17 of the Kyoto Protocol and at...

the stady and analysis of rice agroclimatology in lenjan

the west of esfahan province, iran, is one of the most important agricultural areas throughout the country due to the climate variability and life-giving water of zayanderood river. rice is one of the major and economic crops in this area. the most important climatic elements in agricultural activities which should be considered include temperature, relative humidity, precipitation and wind. so...

The Kyoto Protocol: A Post-Mortem

It may not be a household word, but by now the Kyoto Protocol has become a well-known political slogan. President Bush has called it fundamentally flawed, while some environmentalists in America and Europe have said it is essential for saving the Earth’s climate and the future of humanity itself. Many on the right have called it economic madness, while for many on the left it is an ecological a...